The El Niño, in itself, is an event that concerns a large fringe of the community affected by him, from South America to Asia. Now, at a time he is back, there is another community which provides devastating effects to the area which studies, marine biology.

According to scientists who are analyzing the phenomenon, a major El Niño event can negatively impact coral reefs around the world. The last major phenomenon, which lasted between 1997 and 1998, caused the worst coral bleaching in history. In total, 16% of these were destroyed â€" in the case of Maldives, the percentage reached some unthinkable 90%.

According to the Australian Bureau of meteorology, there is a chance of occurrence of the phenomenon this year, and the signs are not positive. It can be worse than 1998, which means a problem for industry and global agriculture, but also for the so-called Coral triangle, a region in Southeast Asia which houses more marine species than any other place on the planet.

"In 1998, the Coral triangle began to whiten in may, and this happened until September," explained this Friday Ove Hoeg Guldberg, a marine biologist at the Institute for Global change at the University of Queensland. "The region has extended periods of temperature anomalies during El Nino because the Equator passes through the middle of it, and therefore the area experiences both the Summer in the northern hemisphere and the South."

Guldberg, who heads the chapter on oceans of the report of the Intergovernmental Panel of climate science (IPCC) says that it only required half a degree more than temperature at sea for bleaching of corals.

Corals are animals that behave like plants, maintaining a symbiotic relationship with the dinoflagellates, a type of microbe that live within their tissues, where do photosynthesis and sugar to its host.

But as temperatures rise, the dinoflagellates stop producing sugar and instead produce dangerous free radicals. The corals expel us, stop producing its coverage of calcium carbonate and turn white, explains the Climate Central.

See a gallery of algae and corals recently discovered in northwest of Hawaii.

Foto:  Derek Keats / Creative Commons

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5 forest outputs of a fairy tale

We've all read a book or watched a movie where the characters are in a haunted forest or enchanted, which seems to have come out of something like a fairy tale. The fog, the tallest trees than skyscrapers and the colors are the ingredients that make up these magical fictional scenarios. However, there are very real forests that easily could have left one of these fairy tales.

1. Forest pie, Poland

Located in the immediate vicinity of the village of Nowe Czarnowo, West Poland, there is a forest with 400 pine trees. The forest would be nothing extraordinary was the fact that not all pine trees grow with a sharp bend.  Apart from this detail the forest got nothing out of the ordinary. The trees that grow around the site are perfectly normal and grow straight. It is believed that the forest Pie was planted in the 1930 by the Germans, at which point this area of Poland was part of the German province of Pomerania. Studies indicate that and the way that the trees have been caused by humans, but not yet proved how the Germans created this forest curve.

2. forest of North Sentinel Island, Bay of Bengal 

The forest of North Sentinel Island, in the Bay of Bengal, is one of the few forests still remain intact. The forest covers the entire island, with 72 km2, being surrounded by coral barriers, not possessing natural harbours, which hinders the arrival of man. The island also boasts the last existing tribe pré-neolítica. This tribe does not contact with the outside world and when the first modern humans tried to explore the island were parted with darts and arrows.

3. Bialowieza National Park, Poland and Belarus

The Bialowieza National Park is a forest that runs through the territory of Poland and Belarus and seems to have been transported directly from ancient times. Is the last surviving primitive forest in Europe and experts consider it as a time capsule with 7,000 years. Within the borders of the Park wolves roam freely, grow some of the oldest oak trees and tall in the world and live small creatures like the Pygmy owls.

4.-B, in nearby Floresta Roménia

Of course, not all fairy tales have happy endings. And the Hoia-Baciu forest could be a good place for a less happy ending. Concerned as more haunted forest in the world and located in the region of Transylvania, in Romania, the site is searched by reports of paranormal activities that happen there. The forest name was given by the inhabitants of nearby villages after a pastor have entered the forest with its 200 sheep and disappear without a trace.

5. bamboo forest in Sagano, Japan

Located at a small distance of Kyoto, the bamboo forest in Sagano is, as the name indicates, entirely composed of bamboo trees. Despite not being the typical forest of Western fairy tales, is part of the imaginary Japanese rider.

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Portugal vs Germany played a Green stadium and recyclable

The construction of four stadiums 2014 FIFA World Cup, including the Arena Fonte Nova in Salvador, where Portugal will face Germany, obeyed the sustainable certifications of great rigour and innovative technological solutions, which guarantee the rational use of natural resources and full recycling of all materials. The remains of the old stadium were recycled for their re-use.

From the lawn to the energy or comfort of the seats to the public, everything was planned and evaluated in accordance with sustainability requirements. According to TÃœV Rheinland release explained, responsible for the work, the materials used are completely recyclable and solutions were used for the reduction of water consumption and use of rainwater.

On the other hand, gave priority to the reduction and recycling of generated waste, energy efficiency, natural ventilation and lighting. The stadium is still the LEED (leadership in energy and Environmental Design), an international system of sustainability assessment of buildings and which ensures and represents advantages as reduction of environmental impact, the optimization of the performance of buildings and the reduction of operating costs.

"This significant breakthrough in the construction of new stadiums was determined by FIFA," explains the company. "[The entity] intends to avoid negative impacts on the environment of the countries where it conducts competitions".

"FIFA wishes to draw attention to social and environmental issues through sport and reduce the CO2 footprint in Brazil and in all countries where they carry out major football events," said the company. The construction of four stadiums ran for three years.

In the Arena Fonte Nova Stadium in Salvador, which will host the match between Portugal and Germany, in addition to the recycling and reuse of the wreckage of the old stadium for paving and building access, were also installed solar panels on the roof and a rainwater utilization system that allows you to satisfy even the needs of 80% water (sanitary hot water, for example).

 The new arenas of São Paulo and Natal and the remodeling of the stadium of Porto Alegre were the subject of identical intervention.

Photos: copagov / photos GOVBA / Creative Commons

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The unusual friendship between a tiger, a lion and a bear

In the wildlife reserve of Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, United States, friendship has unusual contours. The lion Bam Bam, the Tiger and the bear Nahma Maximus coexist peacefully. In fact, they were raised together, who consider themselves brothers.

The three usually do aquatic exercises with their handlers, as you can see in the photo gallery below. "They spend all the time together, so have forgotten their differences", explained Doc Antle, responsible for wildlife reserve.

Antle coordinates all projects of conservation of Myrtle, worldwide, via rarespeciesfund.org. According to him, the animals get more healthy, strong and agile when they swim together. "It's an excellent exercise and keep them cool in Summer".

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InsectCity: fifth of insects can make Stockholm self-sufficient

The atelier Swedish Belatchew Arkitekter has one purpose: to make the city of Stockholm self-sufficient in proteins. To this end, his lab of experimental projects created the InsectCity, which includes the BuzzBuilding â€" a farm for the production of edible insects.

It is estimated that in 2050 the Earth is inhabited by nine billion people and the issue of sustainable food production for these people remains. One of the solutions is to find an alternative to meat production and an available source of protein are the insects.

There are about 1,900 species of edible insects and about two billion people around the world eat insects. The production of proteins from insects is more efficient than meat production â€" are accurate, for example, ten pounds of feed to produce a pound of meat but the same quantity of food allows you to produce nine pounds of insects.

In 2018, Stockholm should have 940,700 inhabitants. According to the Belatchew Arkitekter to produce proteins from insects that match the meat consumption of the inhabitants have a farm with 500,000 square feet. And, by building insect farms in nine roundabouts of the city the goal of self-sufficiency in proteins can be reached.

In order to allow citizens to view how can be urban insect production atelier designed the BuzzBuilding, which would be located in Vanadisplan, offering 10,350 square meters of surface for the creation of crickets. The structure consists of a building which integrates the production flow of insects, from eggs to ready-to-eat insects.

Additionally, the BuzzBuilding aims to be a sanctuary for the endangered species of wild bees, which in addition to allow continuity of species allows Stockholm is a city with plenty of fruit and florida.

The main structure of the prototype is a steel exoskeleton, coated with an external skeleton, inspired by the structure of insects. On the fifth floor there is a restaurant, where the insects are prepared and sold. The ultimate goal is to make the public production.

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Ecological cooperative inaugurates tourist complex in Arrábida (with video)

For two days, a group of young people of Lisbon discovered some of the secrets of the Arrábida National Park. They were the first guests of the newly opened tourist complex of sustainable cooperative Biovilla.

Intended for nature tourism, the building takes advantage of renewable energies and was built with environmental criteria. "We chose a local supplier, with certified timbers. [We use] the least concrete as possible, and as much natural materials, "explained to the green economy Barbara Lion, of Biovilla.

The complex has the capacity to accommodate groups wishing to enjoy the Arrábida National Park, one of the most beautiful in the Country and, certainly, one of the closest of Lisbon.

Created four years ago by a group of entrepreneurs of Palmela, the cooperative Biovilla has on his team engineers, managers, architects and biologists, for a total of 12 elements with a common ideal.

"We created a multidisciplinary team and focused on a common vision. Each of us has a different background and function, [so] can contribute complementary to this common vision: bring the sustainability of the daily life of people, "explained Barbara lion.

The Biovilla grows and distributes biological products based on Permaculture and focus on training in various areas and follow-up of projects, in a vision of consultancy. Learn more about this cooperative in episode 267 of the green economy.

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Young 15 years the Philippines creates insole that helps load iPod with your feet

The young Angelo Casimiro, of only 15 years, invented a shoe insole capable of producing enough electricity to charge small USB devices, such as an iPod. To this end, the user of the appliance. Just walk.

The unit is composed of piezoelectric materials, which can generate electricity Casimiro, when pressed. During testing of the sock, the young of the Philippines descobriru to run for eight hours straight can charge a Li-ion battery of 400 mAh. After inventing the insole, young even made a tutorial on how to create this charger.

Angelo Casimiro signed up your project in the Google Science Fair, the fair of innovation and online technology to young people between 13 and 18 years old â€" and that's why the news came to us. The winner will meet the basis of releases of Virgin Galactic, in the United States, and will be among the first to greet the astronauts when they return to Earth, among other prizes.

"This can provide energy for personal devices, especially if you live in remote areas without electricity. Can carry flashlights, radios, cell phones or any other USB device, "explained Angelo in this video.

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