The first green roof construction dating from the years 60, but for centuries the Norse living in houses made with natural materials and that inspired J.R.R Tolkien in his literary works â€" in the homes of hobbit.
The architecture of these houses has a very specific context: in a iced environment and with few trees, the grass was a natural choice for buildings, especially in countries like Iceland and Norway.
The grass provides an insulating layer to ceilings and walls, being not only efficient but also a sustainable approach to construction. Being an abundant resource in nature, it is easy to install and requires little maintenance.
According to Inhabitat explains, these houses were built in the brief time of the year when moderate soil grew grass chunks, herbs and wildflowers.
Today, these houses use synthetic rubber liners to prevent moisture from damaging the roof structure â€" its long useful life can reach 40 years. At that time, the roofs were using only bark of trees, a proofing that, interestingly, had the same 40 years of useful time of life. These shells were collected in the spring, when the upward flow of SAP made of bark was easy to peel off the trees â€" usually birch trees, which are among the most common trees of the regions. This process does not damage the trees.
The basic structure of the House was built with stones and trunks â€" of birch or other species-, with raw wood planks that served as roof boards to support the grass. From the eaves of the roof, the Nordic constructors put overlapping sheets of birch bark, which functioned as large tiles and took the water to drain from the roof to the ground.
A layer of grass about seven inches thick was placed on birch bark, to keep him in place. This process helped the water flowing under the roof and prevented the House of decompose quickly.
A second layer is placed on top of the first, getting a total of 15 inches of coverage. Finally, a trunk was attached horizontally to the base of the roof, along each one of the gutters to prevent the lawn from sliding down.
The rough trunks that were typically used as a wall structure, in conjunction with grass roofs, were compressed by shaking by these, closing every possible draughts and giving some comfort to homeowners.
Unlike hobbits, the Norse were â€" and are. -extremely high people. But its doors were too small, as you can see in the following images, a reflection of the scarcity of existing wood in these places and not the physical structure of the population.
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