USA: library of Congress wants to destroy CD in support of science

The library of Congress of the United States is asking Americans to donate the CD obsolete they have in their homes. The aim is not to investigate the data that the devices contain nor use them for artistic purposes, but rather for purposes of scientific research.

In essence, the library wants to destroy the CD (compact disc) for the lowdown. The investigation is being conducted by the Center for Analytical Science Samples, which deals with "destructive testing" to determine the best methods of preservation for the various library collections, including the CDs. Second Fenella France, Director of testing and conservation of library, the lab is conducting a series of tests in order to better understand the aging process of the CD.

"We are trying to understand, in terms of what kind of CD collections are at greater risk," explained France, quoted by Consequence of Sound. "The problem is that different producers have different formulas for the manufacture of objects, it is hard to see how articles grow older because the producers were modifying the composition of objects over time and its properties of information". "All modern formats were not designed to last a long time. Were developed for mass production ".

And how are they destroyed these CD? Not with baseball bats or hammers, certainly. Is being used an accelerated aging machine that creates extreme conditions of heat and humidity. Some of the CD exposed to these conditions eventually oxidize and lose the data.

More than understand the forms of conservation of CD, the unit of investigation is also studying the ways people treat the CD. For example, one should always get a CD by opening the middle. And if you wrote at the top of a burned CD, to know when that match the data, prepare yourself, because most likely this CD be spoiled in a short time.

"People are usually more concerned with the risks at the bottom of the CD. However, it is possible to damage a CD when writing on top because the ink is absorbed and damages the reflective metal layer ", explains the researcher.

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How to make colored pencils in a ring

The American Peter Brown, a carpenter in his spare time, created a small and simple piece of jewelry as a hobby, far from knowing how popular the artifact would make. This American created a ring made of crayons.

First, Brown joined some hexagon-shaped pencil. Subsequently, pasted them with liquid glue and cut the hexagon crosswise into several pieces. Then he drilled a hole in one of those pieces, the width of your finger. This bit stuck was filed and sanded, acquiring a rounded shape, referred to Bored Panda. Finally, the ring was varnished.

The ring eventually became so popular that Peter Brown can barely cope with the number of orders. See some of the pictures.

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Expo 2015: Italy Pavilion will generate energy and purify the air

Next year, Milan will host another edition of the World Exposition, Expo. Recently, the atelier Nemesi & Partners unveiled Palazzo Italy, the flag of the country. The building will be an infrastructure with six floors with a capacity to generate their own electricity, at the same time that purifies the air.

Designed to mimic an urban forest, the exterior facade is composed of more than 900 panels that form a geometric texture, creating outlines of light and shadow in the Pavilion. After the event finished the flag will stay in place, serving as example for sustainable architecture.

The external façade of Palazzo Italy is made of a special type of concrete with air purifying properties, according to the architects responsible for the project, "when exposed to direct sunlight, the active principle that was embedded in the material captures certain air pollutants and converts them into inert salts, helping to purify the air smog", referred to in Inhabitat.

Inspired by the traditional villages of Italy, the internal structure of the building takes the form of a central square. Four adjacent blocks will surround this square, providing space for exhibitions, events, offices and meeting rooms.

The Nemesi & Partners won an international competition, held in 2013, to choose the entity you were conceiving the Pavilion.

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The inside an abandoned textile factory?

Abandoned in 1980, this textile factory of Tal-y-bont, near Aberystwyth, Wales, retains colors like that nevertheless laboured for decades. In distant times, the factory was a cent of innovation of the textile industry, but today is a place haunted by rusted out machines and objects that have been left behind long ago.

The pictures were taken by Dan Circa, 29 years, which we had brought a 17th-century cottage. "The amount of machinery and articles left behind is something you don't see every day. There are things that should be in a Museum, "said Circa.

"I was surprised with the drawers, which were all placed in order, and I was shocked to see that the story is not being preserved," continued.

The old factory was producing quality suits, until globalization dictated the end. Too bad there, as here, the story is not preserved.

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Does milk really helps strengthen bones?

Currently, the milk is synonymous with strong bones. Has long been a recommendation by most doctors to their patients. All above eight years of age shall include at least three glasses of milk in their daily diet. However, in recent years various experts began to question the true benefits of milk in the construction and maintenance of bone mass. Does milk really helps strengthen bones?

One of the main components of the milk is calcium. This mineral gives structural strength to bones and teeth and helps the human body to perform other functions such as blood clotting and the transmission of nerve impulses. Normally, the body absorbs calcium you need through diet but, if the diet is poor in this mineral, the body begins to remove calcium from the bones and teeth, making them weaker. Hence the recommendation of daily ingestion of milk or dairy products.

However, in recent years, many researchers have come to argue that milk can cause a loss of calcium in bones. The theory, known as "ashes of acid", argues that the digestion of milk produces acidic residues that make urine (and as such, the body) more acidic. To compensate for this acidification, the body will seek to alkaline mineral reserves-to neutralize the acidity â€" like calcium.

After this theory have been submitted, some scientists have tried to disprove and in 2011 argued that the hypothesis was across-the-Board and fallacious, referred to the Huffington Post. These researchers argue, for example, that the pH of urine is not indicative of body pH. Additionally, parallel studies argue that the consumption of milk makes the urine more alkaline and acid-free.

Although other parallel studies argue that the rate of bone fractures is greater in countries that consume more dairy products, research published in 2011 indicate that there are other factors influencing bone health beyond the type of diet practiced, such as physical activity, genetics and weight. In fact the higher rate of bone fractures in developed countries may be due to overweight and sedentary and not the consumption of milk.

The discussion on the ingestion of milk continues to be controversial in the scientific community. However, in General, the investigations indicate that the consumption of dairy products is beneficial to bone health, in part because of the other nutrients that make up milk beyond calcium.

Foto: Rob Ellis '/Creative Commons

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The best underwater photos of the world

Almost 8,000 photographers participated in the contest of undewaterphotography.com which, as its name indicates, the best underwater pictures in the world. The competition is divided into 17 categories â€" all to the same common denominator.

The photos that we share here were almost all worked meticulously, because the contest has a respected reputation â€" the site has a community of over 20 thousand active members, being the reference when it comes to underwater photography.

Founded by Benny Sutton in 1996, the site took off at a time when the internet was still in its infancy. Initially, it consisted mainly of images and articles of Sutton.

As the technologies and skills of Ben rose, the site has become more interactive and gained followers. The first competition of 1998 date photos â€" some of the greatest underwater photographers in the world started his career here.

Today, the underwaterphotography.com leads the information and photographs related to the underwater world. See some of the pictures, winners of this year's contest.

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Global warming can extinguish male turtles

A new study on common sea turtles of the Atlantic has been stressing the need to preserve the species, since the long-term global warming will end with one of the sexes of these animals to exist only female turtles.

We have long known that the reproduction of reptiles is rather sensitive to temperatures, leading to a variation in the ratio of males and females to hatch the eggs. For sea turtles are the key temperature 29 degrees Celsius. If the eggs develop at temperatures higher than this, the turtles that hatch will be mostly females. If temperatures exceed constantly the 30.5 degrees, one of the sexes of sea turtles can be convicted.

The short term, this higher ratio of female turtles may be beneficial, since the natural reproduction is enhanced. However, the long term may be harmful and lead to the extinction of the species.

According to Graeme Hays, professor at Deakin University and author of the study, the higher temperatures represent a "serious" threat to populations of turtles. "It will be the end of the story if there is no human intervention" indicates.

The decline in populations of turtles, powered by heating, is already being observed in the green turtles in the Caribbean and the study reveals that the number of specimens decreased by 1%.

Also the increase in the level of sea water caused by melting of ice caps, can have a negative impact on populations of sea turtles. "The increase in the level of the water results in loss of area of the beaches where the turtles lay their eggs, which can also put the species at risk," said Hays.

See a selection of photos of sea turtles.

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Foto: SNORKELINGDIVES.COM/MiguelVieira/mahinui/NathanF/jurvetson/SteFou! /Julie Lynn/Fuzzy Gerdes/todd.vision

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